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HSTS settings include a “max-age” option, which tells the browser how long to cache and remember the settings before checking again. This is because the browser has received explicit instructions from the browser not to allow anything but a secure connection. Unlike other HTTPS errors, HSTS-related errors cannot be bypassed. If your browser has stored HSTS settings for a domain and you later try to connect over HTTP or a broken HTTPS connection (mis-match hostname, expired certificate, etc) you will receive an error. Here’s how to clear HSTS settings on Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox.Ĭlear and Forget HSTS Settings In Popular Browsers. In that case, you will need to clear them. If you attempt to reach the same site on another browser and don’t run into the same issues, it could just be a problem with how the HSTS settings have affected your original browser. “Privacy error: Your connection is not private” (NET::ERR_CERT_AUTHORITY_INVALID). For instance, if you’re using Chrome, you might run into: Unfortunately, some HSTS settings can inadvertently cause browser errors. HSTS can also help to prevent cookie-based login credentials from being stolen by common tools such as Firesheep.

HSTS remedies this by communicating to the browser that an HTTPS connection should always be in place. HSTS was originally created in response to a vulnerability that was introduced by Moxie Marlinspike in a 2009 BlackHat Federal talk titled “New Tricks for Defeating SSL in Practice.” The particular vulnerability that HSTS defends against is the one illustrated by Marlinspike’s SSLStrip tool.Įssentially the tool works by converting secure HTTPS connections back to unsecured HTTP ones.

This helps to prevent protocol downgrade attacks and cookie hijacking.

HSTS stands for HTTP Strict Transport Security, it’s a web security policy mechanism that forces web browsers to interact with websites only via secure HTTPS connections (and never HTTP). In Everything Encryption A quick look at what HSTS is and how to clear it on two of the most popular browsers.